Pathway+towards+abolition+&+the+american+revolution



A note: If anyone is wondering, the word document is by Courtney West, while the latter words (the post here) is by Jacintha Lee. :D So we both did our homework Ms Morosin. :D

 __**Socio-Economic & Political Paradigms**__ __**–**__ __**American Revolution**__ Timeline of Events

Dec 16 1773: Boston Tea Party – Threw tea on an English ship overboard; Result of The Tea Act where American merchants were bypassed, providing the British East India Company with a tea monopoly || Mar 23: Patrick Henry – Delivers speech “Give me liberty, or give me death!” Apr 18 1775: Rides of Paul Revere & William Dawes || Jul 4 1776: U.S. Declaration of Independence adopted after George Washington (commander in chief of U.S. army) gained many initial victories; signed less than a month later (Aug 2) Arrival of more British troops leading to more British victories || Mar 2 1781: Adopted Articles of Confederation October 1781: English army surrendered to George Washington || Sep 3 1783: Treaty of Paris signed by United States and Great Britain Jan 14 1784: Treaty of Paris officially ratified by Congress, thus Revolutionary War is officially over ||
 * **1763** || Feb 10 1763: Seven Years War/ French & Indian War (1754 – 1763) Ended by Treaty of Paris with British victory; British Empire now includes Canada (West of Mississippi River); Increases taxes ||
 * **1764** || 1764: Patrick Henry’s “If This be Treason speech” fanning waves of anti-British sentiment; James Otis seeks action against England’s new acts, coins phrase “Taxation without Representation is Tyranny”, & publishes’ “The Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved” ||
 * **1770 - 1773** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Mar 5 1770: The Boston Massacre - four workers shot by British troops in Boston
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1775** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Revolutionary War begins in Massachusetts with about a quarter of settlers, along with the Iroquis and Cherokee helping England with war in attempt to stop settlers from invading their land.
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1776** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Jan 15 1776: Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” published promoting arguments for American independence
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1777** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1777: Benjamin Franklin’s appeal to French king for help; French navy sent weapons and men to aid the U.S. (French General Lafayette); Spain and Netherlands supported France, thus the United States. ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1781** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1781: United States with aid of General Lafayette, French soldiers and French money won several big battles despite mutiny of unpaid Pennsylvania soldiers
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1783 - 1784** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Nov 30 1782: Preliminary Peace as British troops sign Articles of Peace

__**Socio-Economic & Political Paradigms**__ __**–**__ __**Pathway towards Abolition**__ <span style="font: normal normal normal 13.5px/normal Impact; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Timeline of Events

<span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1640 – 1680: Large-scale introduction of slave labour in British Caribbean, mainly for sugar production || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1789: U.S, Constitution ratified, equating slaves to 3/5th of a white citizen; Provision that slave trade would end in 20 years || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1819: U.S. Law equates slave trading with piracy, and thus being punishable by death ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1619 – 1713** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1619: First Africans arrive as indentured servants
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1787 - 1789** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Constitutional Convention of 1787: Major point of disagreement between northern and southern states
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1798 – 1808** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Decade with the largest number of imported African slaves into the United States. ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1819** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1819: Becomes key political issue during congressional debates on application of Missouri for statehood; New York Congressman James Tallmadge proposing amendment to Missouri bill that no further slaves shall be brought into state and children of existing slaves will be freed at the age of 35; House of Representatives passes the amendment but the bill fails to win a majority in Senate
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1830 - 1847** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Groups such as the Convention of the People of Color and the American Anti-Slavery Society (lead by William Lloyd Garrison) formed to oppose slavery and discrimination in free states while others like Sojourner Truth (an escaped female slave) lectures for the abolition of slavery ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1857** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">1857: Dred Scott decision issued by U.S. Supreme Court – Stated that African-Americans could not be U.S. citizens and have no rights of citizens ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1863** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Jan 1 1863: Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation takes effect ||
 * <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">**1865** || <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 5.6px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">13th Amendment to U.S. Constitution abolishing slavery is approved and ratified ||

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13.5px/normal Impact; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Reflection Statement - American Revolution <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">The American revolution demonstrates the destabilization of British colonialism throughout the world. America was viewed as a colony of the ever-expanding British empire and as such were controlled by the King or Queen of England. This revolution represents a revolt against the natural order as it lessened of the British monarchy, and challenged the tradition that Britain enforced rules and regulations upon America, a rule which included heavy taxes to support the British empire. Through this, the American revolution is a crucial step towards a democratic society with importance placed upon national pride and unity. Key individuals such as Thomas Paine, Patrick Henry and James Otis helped to aid this fight in their belief in a free America, separate from the rigid rules of Britain and the conflicts of Europe.

<span style="font: normal normal normal 13.5px/normal Impact; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Reflection Statement - Pathway to Abolition <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Abolition, in historical context specific to U.S., is the emancipation of slaves which was accomplished by the Emancipation Proclamation issued in 1863 and ratified in 1865. As such, the entire movement is significant as it is a challenge towards the long-practiced beliefs of slavery and white supremacy where the white population had almost-complete control over what was seen to be their lesser counterparts and thus could tell their slaves to do anything they wished. <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Within the United States, the many Southerners were notably encouraging slavery and thus were against the concept of abolition as it would restore rights towards those that they had saw as second-class citizens. This view was widely held despite the U.S. Constitution of 1789 which had promised all men to be equal. Thus, the idea of abolition would challenge beliefs of equality and the accepted practice of slavery that provided a white man with unlimited rights over their slaves. <span style="font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">Following the example of Britain who had abolished slavery in 1833, the U.S. abolishes slavery after a long debate between the North and the South (slavery also plays an important role in the American Revolution). With this abolition, the hierarchal structure of society as a whole was unsettled and destabilized as this event changed the way that those of a different skin were viewed.

<span style="font-family: Impact; font-size: 14px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Lucida Grande'; letter-spacing: 0px; margin-bottom: 6px; margin-left: 18px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px;">- By Jacintha Lee